The truer side of the proton smasher…

Ten Physics problems & ideas at the frontiers of Physics. The truer side of the Proton smasher [LHC] in High Energy Physics.

Manmohan Dash
Saturday, September 20, 2008, 6 pm

Abstract: The Large Hadron Collider commissioned at the European Center for Nuclear Physics [CERN] has just began its preliminary operation with test of its proton beams. This ultra-relativistic proton smasher will bring unprecedented ability of measurement at the frontiers of High Energy Physics. This high energy machine will enable us to ask questions that were only of speculative nature as of 2008. Now with ever expanding horizon of the frontiers of Physics at high energy scale, the configurational structure and interactions of the particle matter can be explored to a precision an invention hitherto impossible. I have defined and compiled a list of “ten” relevant significant Physics problems and ideas. A strategic implementation of these ideas will open up new programs and fields with significant promise of new Knowledge of the Physical world.

The constituent quarks of “proton” are much lighter than the proton itself. This is a problem of high significance from a Physics point of view although somewhat paradoxical or mysterious in nature. Exclusive theoretical explanations are speculative in nature. Fortunately the Large Hadron Collider is the most suitable machine to study the proton structure experimentally, to a precision and access impossible by previous measurement standards, since the machine will accelerate and smash ultra-relativistic high energy bunches of proton.

The fractional charge of quarks is a problem of similar interests, asymptotic freedom and quark confinement are not principles of nature. They are rather phenomenological in nature. LHC is capable of busting these foundations either way.

The number of fundamental forces is not necessarily restricted to 4. We may discover more fundamental forces if we have a experimentally prepared apparatus at the LHC. Grand Unification is a mere psychological approach to reduce the fundamental forces, its not necessary from Physics constraint. Even if the 4 fundamental forces will be unified, in some way, which is a very unlikely outcome, the bigger problem will remain. Explicitly: Why only gravitational force grows from the quantum mechanical scale to a cosmic scale while the other forces “fail” to do so.

Why the weak force is mediated by  very massive particles. What we can infer if weakly interactive reactions are produced in LHC.

What is the velocity of a ‘g’luon. Its mass-less. If asymptotic freedom and quark confinement will be history by the smashing ability of the LHC then  at what speed a g can really travel. Are there limits and Physics constraints on its interaction speed sans a AF/QC scenario.

If the Higgs boson is not found or is incapable of explaining the anomaly of mass spectrum, eg of the leptons, which are point particles but whose mass ranges from .5 MeV to the GeV scale then what explanations can be gathered from the LHC results.

If the Quarks can be studied and they are in-fact elementary then are there associated particles that are produced like they are produced in case of leptons??

lepton to neutrino mass ratio Vs mass scale
250000  light lepton and neutrino [I generation]
500         heavier lepton and neutrino [II generation]
100         heaviest lepton and neutrino [III generation]
as a result of momentum conservation the particle production demands an “inefficiency” at higher energy scale. That is less mass-energy is available for particle production. But we see here a reversed inefficiency. The neutrino masses are of-course upper limits, In a mass-less neutrino scheme the picture will change. If instead there would be a theoretical scheme to get a “law” behind these ratio that would be a theoretical prediction of the neutrino mass.

Is “the fractional charge of quarks” an effect of AF/QC phenomena? Will they have integral charge if they are found to be “free” elementary particles? If indeed they have integral charge how exactly AF/QC modify their charge to be fractional. Is there a charge sharing mechanism?? eg if there is yet another particle confined within the proton it may reside onto its different constitutes [the 3 quarks] in a sharing mode thereby giving them fractional charges. When the LHC smashes the proton apart into anything it constitutes these questions will be answerable.

If the quarks are freed, are they composite ?? Especially the heavy quarks??