# OPERA

## Change Relativity? Is neutrino tailgating photon?

Is causality also relative, if that is so, son you hit a golden pot in physics, “that’s your causality man, that’s your problem. I don’t have a f** with that.” But you travel backwards in time. “Nay that’s how you see it, you speed blinded moron, I don’t give a damn about what you think of me. Even if I start late at home, I am gonna kick your ass man, I will reach work early. You will think I started now and came back last nanosecond but that’s because you have a sloppy watch hen hen hen”

Whats happening?

Last night I wrote a very long article and its now a featured blog on “physics” at this website. It has happened many times already. But there I told you that “speed of invariance” — invariance of speed also means speed of invariance, I changed linguistic grammar, not the physics, is broken when invariance of proper-time is broken. For photons we thought taking clue from its zero-mass we can also set the proper-time to be zero.

## What to do with OPERA-II event by event neutrino information?

I was thinking, as an experimentalist, what OPERA (experimental collaboration) should now do, since they have 20 event by event neutrinos — gift just one of that to the world.

That neutrino should have the complete information one needs to compare with a photon. eg the total satellite motion — its path for about a second, since tof is about 2.43 milli-secs. Just one of the satellite, since there could be multiple. And the neutrino’s complete trajectory-profile.

By that I mean the exact baseline, as an elevation and angular deflection, all along the path. Then one can apply the Vincenty’s formula for total distance computation to milli-meter accuracy and any effect of satellite can be exactly computed.

What will result is a truer deviation, if any, of the neutrino’s speed from c=1. I am not thinking Volcanoes, although high degree temperature also causes time dilation, they will produce, far less, than the first order gravity effects.

## Haversine formula and Vincenty formula, millimeter accuracy for earth distances

I propose Haversine formula for exposition of material reg. distances on earth.

Vincenty’s formula calculates distances to millimeter order. Bowring and Lambert’s formula are easier than Vincenty’s but do not have good accuracy especially if distances on earth are quite large.

You should know spherical earth formula, all the other formula mentioned here are oblate-sphere formula. For flat earth, where you can use your ordinary Euclidean rules such as $latex \sin^2\theta + \cos^2 \theta=1$, you can just project distances on earth to a plane but the results you will get may have undesirable errors because first of all earth is a large sphere and your approximations will be valid only for short distances because you are all “frog in the well” you learned about the well to measure the earth.

When the frog went out of the well it met Riemann and he told that he had been having some real-time fun which Euclid did not. The frog came back and told this to all others and they all went out to the town bought over Riemanian formula books and started learning about the earth.

## How time dilation on GPS clocks is induced by static and spinning earth observations.

The image above shows earth at an altitude of 20200 + 9.08 km. The red line I drew is a straight line of 696 km, 3-D straight line — perhaps non-Euclidean, near the CERN – Gran Sasso Baseline, parallel to the latter, which is not straight and about 733 km long.

— Isn’t that a reason to worry?

This altitude is where the GPS satellites are “falling towards earth”.

Why should different baseline ends not introduce any error, to synchronization?

Also if we imagine 13.7 km/s at this altitude, the satellite is almost not moving. It takes 2 minutes for a deviation of 1 degree angle on earth surface — or anywhere, which is “49000 time of flights” of a neutrino bunch from CERN to Gran-Sasso.

That is, 3.54375 E-7 rad / time-of-flight.

The earth spin is 3.000823 E-2 rad / time-of-flight — earth spin being 7.292 E-5 / s.

I have shown that static earth effect is less than 1 pico-sec — special-relativistic-effect is small and negative, compared to general-relativistic-effect.

Spinning earth effect being 1% order of static earth, and earth spinning speed being E-5 orders higher, than satellite angular speed, again the “1% general relativistic effect of 1 pico-sec” will preside over the special relativistic effect, of the satellite.

So, the non-inertial effect of earth, will be ~1% of static earth, which is 1 picosecond. In other words, the total relativistic effect, of the GPS satellite, considering even earth-spin will be, within, about, 1-pico-sec.